Defence received far more media coverage than sustainability at the 2025 Paris Air Show and hundreds of new kerosene aircraft were ordered versus no new orders for hydrogen-powered aircraft, appearing at first glance to confirm the risk that Fathom warned of in its latest report — that Europe’s aviation industry and regulators are heading down the wrong path. Our report, Europe’s flightpath to economic competitiveness, highlighted the risk of focusing too much on waste-based sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) instead of investing in e-kerosene and hydrogen-powered zero emission flight (ZEF). Yet beyond the Paris headlines, ZEF may have just staged a quiet coup.

Levelised cost of flyinf in 2050, average